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THE BLACK DIAMOND
  In order to obtain a homogeneous colour and a beautiful brilliance, the  black diamonds used for our FRED creations have been embellished. This  treatment by irradiation, common for black diamonds used in jewellery, does not  produce any risk for the person wearing them. 
THE EMERALD
  The Emerald owes its name to the Greek smaragdos,  itself from the Semitic word meaning "to shine".
  The Emerald belongs to the beryls family and is characterized by a green  color that can include slightly bluish or yellow shades. An emerald most often  has a number of inclusions called "feathers", which when grouped together are called “jardin”.
  The so-called "emerald cut" is the most famous for this stone  but it allows to highlight the stone and its color the most. 
  The Emerald, because of its natural inclusions or "feathers", is  a fragile stone and requires special attention.
  It is bly recommended to limit the stone's exposure to the sun, high  temperatures and thermal shocks. It is also advisable to avoid any contact with  chemicals or corrosive products, such as cleaning products or cosmetics and  perfumes.
THE RUBY 
  The name of the ruby comes from the Latin rubeus which means "red".
  The Ruby belongs to the corundum family and is characterized by a bright  red colour that can have many shades. 
  The SAPPHIRE
  The name of the sapphire comes from the Greek sappheiros, meaning "blue stone". 
  The Sapphire belongs to the corundum family and is characterized by a wide  choice of colours: pink, yellow, orange, etc. The most common colour is blue,  but the most rare and sought-after is a pink-purplish or orange-pink hue,  called "Padparadscha" sapphire.     
FINE STONES
  THE SPINEL
  The name spinel derives from the Latin spina,  which means "thorn", in allusion to its sharp crystals.
  The Spinel is a translucent fine stone characterized by many shades: red,  pink, black, etc. Black spinel has a deeper and more intense colour than a  black diamond.
  THE TOURMALINE 
  The name tourmaline comes from the Sinhala thuramali which means  "stones with mixed colours". 
  The Tourmaline is a stone that is characterized by a wide choice of  colors: pink, yellow, green, rainbow, etc.
  One of the most sought-after and rare colours of tourmalines is red  tourmaline, more commonly known as rubellite. Its name comes from the Latin  word rubellus which means "red".
  THE AMETHYST
  The name amethyst comes from the ancient Greek améthystos, which means "to be drunk".  The stone would have been so named because it has the colour of red wine cut  with water.
  The Amethyst is a stone belonging to the quartz family. It is translucent,  purple in a wide variety of intensities and depending on the angle of vision,  its shades change from bluish purple to redder purple.    
  The Amethyst can be the subject of traditional beautification practices.
  THE QUARTZ
  The name quartz comes from the Greek kristallos which means "ice" and comes from the belief that stone is an ice  forever hardened by the Gods.
  The Quartz is a mineral family characterized by a wide choice of colours:  pink, yellow, green, etc. Some types of quartz may contain inclusions, such as  rutile needles such as rutilated quartz.    
  The Quartz can be the subject of traditional embellishment practices.
  BLUE TOPAZ
  The name topaz is derived from the island Topazios in the Red Sea and more certainly from the Sanskrit word  tapas which means fire. 
  The Topaz belongs to the quartz family, which is characterized by a wide  choice of colours: pink, yellow, green, rainbow, etc.
  In order to obtain a homogeneous colour and a beautiful shine, the blue  topazes used on the House's creations have been embellished. This treatment by  irradiation, common for blue topazes used in jewellery, does not produce any  risk for the person wearing them. Thanks to this process, it is possible to  obtain many highly sought-after shades: among others, the "Blue  London" shade of a deep dark blue or the "Swiss Blue" shade of a  bright turquoise blue.  
  PINK OPAL
  The origin of the term opal comes from the Sanskrit word upala meaning "precious  stone". It is also called the "Stone of Hope".
  The Opal offers a wide range of colours. Pink opals can be of an intense  and deep pink as well as a light and translucent pink.
  The Opal is a fragile stone that requires special care and delicate  handling. It is bly recommended to limit the stone's exposure to the sun,  high temperatures and thermal shocks. It is also advisable to avoid any contact  with chemicals or corrosive products, such as cleaning products or cosmetics  and perfumes.
  
 
ORNAMENTAL STONES
  PEARL & MOTHER-OF-PEARL
  Pearl and/or mother-of-pearl are mineral materials produced inside  shellfish such as oysters or abalones to protect against external intrusion. 
  The most famous mother-of-pearl is white with iridescent shades, but it  can take on honey, pink, violet or grey shades.
  The pearls used on our Baie des Anges creations are freshwater pearls of  baroque shape. The shape of each pearl is unique. Cultured pearls are living  organisms that regenerate naturally on contact with the air. 
  Traditionally, pearls are whitened to enhance their brilliance.
  Pearls and mother-of-pearl are fragile materials that require delicate  handling. It is bly recommended to limit the exposure of the pearl and/or  mother-of-pearl to the sun, high temperatures as well as thermal shocks and  friction because it scratches easily. It is also advisable to avoid any contact  with chemicals or corrosive products, such as cleaning products or cosmetics  and perfumes.
  It is recommended to clean the pearl frequently with a soft cloth,  delicate movements and to store it in its individual case.
  LAPIS LAZULI
  The name of this ornamental stone comes from the Latin lapis, which means stone, and lazuli, which means azure. Indeed, lapis  lazuli is an opaque blue stone that can range from azure blue to a more intense  blue. 
  The stones used on our creations are more or less scattered with golden  shards of pyrite, slight inclusions that give character to the stone.
  THE TURQUOISE
  Its name would come from "Turkish  stone", since it was more particularly known in Europe during the  Crusades. She gave her name to the turquoise color, a shade of blue. 
  The exploitation of turquoise has become very complicated because almost  all the deposits are now exhausted. In order to obtain a homogeneous colour and  a beautiful shine that does not change over time, the turquoise used for FRED  creations have been embellished. This stabilization treatment, common for  turquoise jewellery, does not pose any risk to the wearer.    
  THE CARNELIAN
  The name of the carnelian comes from the word "dogwood" which is an intense red fruit growing on dogwoods.  This ornamental stone is part of the chalcedony family.
  In order to obtain a homogeneous colour and a beautiful shine, the  carnelian cornelians used for FRED creations have benefited from an  embellishment treatment. This dyeing treatment, common for cornelian jewellery,  does not present any risk of colouring the skin or clothing for the person  wearing them. Thanks to this process, it is possible to obtain many highly  sought-after shades: from orange to bright red to reddish-brown.
    
